Daniel Hale Williams

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There have been many achievements and important discoveries from African Americans that contributed to the advancement of the American people. I would have to write volumes to name every one so I decided to choose a major accomplishment. Open Heart Surgery is one great accomplishments of America to date. Daniel Hale Williams performed the first open heart surgery July ,188. This was at a time when blacks still were not accepted as human beings or as a part of society. Daniel overcame many adversities to become a doctor and help with the advancement of African Americans. Though Williamss practice thrived, he saw that opportunities in the medical field were limited for black people. So in 181, Williams founded Provident Hospital and Medical Center in Chicago. It was countrys first black-owned hospital and had an interracial staff and nurse training school. Provident Hospital is still open today. Dr. Daniel Hale Williams came from humble beginnings, but through perseverance, hard work, and dedication as well enormous leadership talents, he rose to the position of a distinguished individual, an innovative administrator, and an outstanding surgeon.

While Daniel Hale William College he began to look into to the medical field because he'd seen others do well in medicine so he decided to try it. Almost immediately following his decision he started an apprenticeship with the distinguished Dr. Henry Palmer. His apprenticeship lasted three years but he had to move on to receive formal training if he wanted to become a true doctor. Dr Palmer suggested that Daniel enroll in the Midwest Chicago Medical College. He really wanted to but he had become poor after he was no longer working as a barber because he wanted to focus solely on becoming the best doctor he could be. Knowing how desperately Daniel wanted to go to Medical school John and Denise Daily, friends of the family gave him money to go to school. They even let him stay in their house until he finished. While he attended college his professors made it hard for him to do well because he was the only African American there studying to be a physician and they didn't like that. After four long years Daniel got his M.D in 188.

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At he start of his career he decided to go to Washington D.C. there were a lot of black people there so he felt he would have a good clientele. He stayed in D.C for about a year and a half but he was not satisfied with the work he was doing and didn't think he was making a difference. He then moved back to Chicago where he became a surgeon at the Southside Dispensary of Chicago. In 181 Williams founded The Provident hospital, it was a three-story building that had only twelve beds, which served the whole community. The hospital was also a school for aspiring black nurses because they weren't allowed in any other schools. Daniel always noticed the things that were not right in society he didn't understand why everyone couldn't attend the same schools and receive the same training. So he took it upon himself to help black people any way he could by opening the first hospital and nursing school. The hospital did quite well its first year considering the status of the patients, which were poor and had little if any insurance. Provident had an 87% success rate in the first year of it's opening with 400 patients and only of them died.

In 1884 President Cleveland appointed Dr. Williams the Surgeon in Chief's position at Freedman's Hospital in Washington D.C. He accepted and left behind Provident Hospital to one of his close associates Derrick Bell. Daniel ended up staying in D.C for five years, where he reorganized Freedman's Hospital as a training facility for black nurses also. Dr. Williams made every effort to aide black people against discrimination. Since he was a well-known doctor and respected by everyone he was able to get people to open nursing schools and hospital for blacks in the south.

On July , 18 James Cornish was involved in a bar fight and brutally wounded in the chest. He was rushed to Provident Hospital, by the time he arrived he had lost a great deal of blood and started going into shock. No one thought James was going to make it. Dr Williams contemplated how he was going to handle the situation because he believed that he could save his life. He knew that his chest would have to be opened to operate internally. At this time the thought of opening someone's chest to operate was unheard of. He soon made the decision to go ahead and open him up because he really didn't have any other choice. Daniel saw there was extensive damage to the sac surrounding the heart and he began to repair it. After 10 long hours of surgery James was still alive. The operation had saved his life and three months later he walked out of the hospital fully recovered and went on to live for 50 more years. Dr. Williams was so busy at the time with work that he did not document his achievement of performing the first open heart surgery. With the buzz of the news going around a local newspaper did an article on him, which he received the acclaim he deserved. Daniel was not concerned with being famous he just wanted to help people. The procedures for the operation would soon be used as blueprints for up and coming doctors.

A few years had gone by and Daniel moved back to D.C where he met Alice Johnson. Soon after they met they got married and Daniel took some time off to enjoy married life. He couldn't stay gone for long he knew he had to get back to saving lives and bettering people. Dr Williams resigned from the Freedman's Hospital and moved back to Chicago to resume his position at his own hospital. He also went all around the country overseeing patients and procedures in hospitals. Dr. Williams went on to become one of the founding members of The National Medical Association, which he and his colleagues organized for black doctors because they were not allowed in other medical associations.

Dr. Williams received many honors and awards after he retired. Howard and Wilberforce Universities made him an honorary member. He went on to publish several articles in medical journals. In 11 Williams was named a charter member of the American College of Surgeons, the same association that would not except him simply because he was black.

Dr. Daniel Hale Williams died on August 4, 11, in his summer home from a massive stroke. There was no way for him to get help because he was home alone. Dr. Williams will always be remembered as a part of American culture. He set the standards and ways for black people to advance at the time when no one wanted to see black people doing anything, especially not performing open-heart surgery. Without his massive achievements to society we still might not know how to perform open-heart surgery. Dr. Williams paved the way for future doctors and helped black people advance in the American Society.

Buckler, Helen. Daniel Hale Williams, Negro Surgeon. New York Pitman Corp, 168.

Kelves, Daniel J, "Daniel Hale Williams", World Book Online Americas Edition, Retrieved 15 April 00. http//www.aolsvc.worldbook.aol.com/ar? /na/ar/ar60460.htm

"The Past and the Promise Daniel Hale Williams". Chicago Historical Society, Retrieved 15 April 00. http//www.chicagohs.org/DGBPhotoEssay/DGB06.html

"Daniel Hale Williams", Association of Black Cardiologists, Inc. Pioneers. http//www.abcardio.org/daniel_williams.htm

Dupree, Michael; OLeary, J. Patrick. "Focuses on Dr. Daniel Hale Williams and looks at his first successful closure of a laceration of the pericardium". American Surgeon. Apr7, Vol. 6 Issue 4, p7, p

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